[Management of genital herpes]

Genital herpes, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and the leading cause of genital ulcers. The virus is globally primarily transmitted by HSV‑2, although HSV‑1, especially in Europe, is increasingly recognized as a cause of genital first-episode infections. Many infections are asymptomatic, making unnoticed viral shedding the most frequent mode of transmission. Infection is preferably confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from intact vesicles. Early and comprehensive patient education regarding symptoms, treatment options, and potential implications for sexual health is of great importance. Antiviral therapy, preferentially with acyclovir and valacyclovir can reduce both the severity and duration of the infection. For recurrent infections, suppressive antiviral treatment is recommended to decrease the frequency of recurrences and the transmission risk. Specific recommendations should be followed for special patient groups such as pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals.