Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Published on: November 22, 2021

Real-World Clinical Outcomes and Treatment Patterns in Advanced/Metastatic EGFR-Mutant NSCLC After Progression on

Nicolas Girard¹, Pauline Macouillard², Danalyn Byng³

¹Curie-Montsouris Thorax Institute, Institut Curie, Paris, France. nicolas.girard2@curie.fr.

Advances in Therapy

|February 13, 2026

Abstract

Introduction:

Osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is a standard first-line (1L) treatment for advanced/metastatic EGFR non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to earlier generation TKIs, resistance and disease progression are common. No standardized second-line (2L) treatment exists for patients who progress after 1L osimertinib. This study assessed real-world (rw) treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in French patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC who received 2L therapy post-osimertinib progression.

Methods:

This retrospective, observational study used the Epidemio-Strategy and Medical Economics (ESME) LC database (NCT03848052) (January 1, 2015-2023; data extraction September 2023). Patients ≥ 18 years with confirmed advanced/metastatic NSCLC, treated with 1L osimertinib, and documented 2L therapy were included. The study assessed patient characteristics, rw treatment patterns, rwOS, and rwPFS.

Results:

Among 284 patients (71.1% female, median age 67), 67% initiated 2L treatment in 2021 or later. The median number of metastases at 2L initiation was three, with bone (65.1%) and brain (56.6%) as the most common sites; 34% of brain metastases were symptomatic. The 2L treatments included platinum-based chemotherapy (50%), EGFR TKI-based therapy (29.9%), immunotherapy (9.9%), and other regimens (10.2%). Median rwOS from 2L initiation was 10.1 (95% CI 9.2-12.1) months, and median rwPFS was 4.1 (95% CI 3.3-4.8) months. Among patients with brain metastases, median rwOS was 8.7 (95% CI 7.1-11.9) months for asymptomatic and 10.7 (95% CI 9.4-12.9) months for symptomatic patients vs 11.8 (95% CI 9.1-17.4) months in patients without brain metastases. Patients with liver metastases had a median rwOS of 8.2 (95% CI 6.4-9.6) months vs 12.3 (95% CI 10.2-14.3) months in those without.

Conclusions:

Clinical outcomes for patients receiving 2L therapy post-osimertinib progression remain poor, highlighting an unmet need, particularly for those with brain and liver metastases.

Keywords:

EGFR NSCLC Osimertinib Overall survival Platinum-based chemotherapy Progression-free survival Real-world Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

More Related Videos

Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool

Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer NSCLC Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool

Published on: May 27, 2016

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...

Outcomes of Glycolysis

Outcomes of Glycolysis

Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...

Tumor Progression

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

Fixed Action Patterns

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Impact of lung cancer discovery mode on cancer outcomes: data from the KBP-2020-CPHG study.

ERJ open research·2026

Evaluation of Biomarkers for Sacituzumab Govitecan in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights From the EVOKE-01 Study.

Cancer research communications·2026

Proportion of lung cancer patients eligible for screening in France: Data from the KBP-2020-CPHG study.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026

Sex disparities in lung cancer: Results of the KBP-2020-CPHG study.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026

Brief Report: Real-World Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Monotherapy Versus Chemo-Immunotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC With PD-L1 More Than or Equal to 50%: A Meta-Analysis.

JTO clinical and research reports·2026

Retrospective Analysis of HER2 Testing, Treatment Patterns, and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC With HER2 Mutations in France.

Cancer medicine·2026

See all related articles