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Exploring the causal relationship between COPD and AKI: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach.
Hongchuang Ma1, Fangfang Zhou, Qun Luo
1Department of Nephrology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
Medicine
|February 13, 2026
Summary
This study found that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) genetically increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, acute kidney injury does not appear to causally affect COPD risk.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Nephrology
- Genetics
Background:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major public health concerns.
- Observational studies suggest a link, but causality is unproven.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal relationship between COPD and AKI using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Main Methods:
- Two-sample MR analysis utilizing 11 COPD-associated SNPs and 2 AKI datasets.
- Employed IVW, weighted median, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods.
- Conducted sensitivity analyses and reverse MR to confirm causality and rule out pleiotropy/heterogeneity.
Main Results:
- Genetically predicted COPD significantly increased AKI risk in both datasets (ORs > 1.2, P < 0.05).
- Weighted median analysis supported the causal link in one dataset.
- Reverse MR showed no evidence of AKI causing COPD.
Conclusions:
- COPD liability is associated with an increased propensity for AKI.
- Findings suggest a potential causal effect of COPD on AKI risk.
- Further research into biological mechanisms linking pulmonary and renal dysfunction is warranted.
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