[Canine pyoderma: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and topical treatment - a review]

Canine pyoderma is a common dermatological condition that is still frequently treated with systemic antibiotics in small animal practice. In light of increasing antibiotic resistance, particularly due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci, topical therapy is gaining importance. Numerous studies have now demonstrated the efficacy of topical treatments, especially for superficial pyodermas. Chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, benzoyl peroxide, and ethyl lactate are among the most commonly used agents, with chlorhexidine showing the strongest antibacterial effect. In addition to its antimicrobial action, topical therapy can also strengthen the epidermal barrier and improve the animal's well-being, especially in allergic dogs. However, further clinical studies are required to validate the efficacy of newer agents, such as olanexidine and plant extracts. Physical therapies such as cold plasma, fluorescence biomodulation, and low-level laser therapy have shown promising results as adjunctive options for topical therapie and wound healing promotion. Comprehensive diagnostics to identify the underlying primary disease and regular follow-up are essential to prevent relapses.