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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

77.9K
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
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Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

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Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale
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Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification TRAP to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale

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RiboBright reveals cell-type-specific differences in ribosome organization and movement.

Georgia Poulladofonou1, Carmen Grandi1,2, Xinyu Hu1,2

  • 1Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Nature Communications
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed RiboBright, a fluorescent probe for eukaryotic ribosomes. This tool enables precise measurement and tracking of ribosome content, organization, and movement in live and fixed cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis in all organisms.
  • Understanding ribosome dynamics, organization, and translational activity is key to deciphering their complex roles.
  • Current methods for studying ribosomes can be limited in scope and application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fluorescent probe, RiboBright, for selective labeling and imaging of eukaryotic ribosomes.
  • To demonstrate the utility of RiboBright in quantifying ribosome content and tracking ribosome dynamics in various cell types.
  • To investigate lineage-specific changes in ribosome characteristics during cellular differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of RiboBright via C-H activation and fluorescent modification of cycloheximide.
  • Application of RiboBright in microscopy and flow cytometry for ribosome quantification.
  • Utilizing RiboBright in live and fixed cells for tracking movement and visualizing sub-micrometer structures.

Main Results:

  • RiboBright successfully quantified ribosome content across 10 different cell lines.
  • The probe enabled real-time tracking of ribosome movement in live cells and visualization of ribosome organization in fixed cells.
  • RiboBright revealed distinct patterns of ribosome content, organization, and movement during differentiation into endoderm and ectoderm lineages.

Conclusions:

  • RiboBright is a versatile and effective fluorescent probe for studying eukaryotic ribosomes.
  • The probe facilitates detailed imaging of cellular ribosome dynamics at the single-cell level.
  • RiboBright offers a convenient approach for investigating ribosome biology and its implications in cellular processes.