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Environmentally-controlled Microtensile Testing of Mechanically-adaptive Polymer Nanocomposites for ex vivo Characterization
Published on: August 20, 2013
Novel chitosan/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for Pb(II) removal: facile synthesis, adsorption mechanism, and environmental
Quang Minh Pham1, Thu Huong Nguyen2, Manh Khai Nguyen3,4
1Physical and Chemical Department, National Institute for Control of Vaccine and Biologicals, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Abstract:
Lead contamination remains a critical environmental and public health concern, demanding efficient and sustainable treatment strategies. In this study, a chitosan-modified g-C3N4 nanocomposite (1CS/2 g-C3N4) was synthesized and evaluated for Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions. Structural and morphological characterizations confirmed the formation of a stable nanostructure with high surface area, uniform morphology, and enhanced adsorption affinity. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process is exothermic (ΔH° = -21.481 kJ/mol) and favorable at low temperatures, while kinetic studies revealed pseudo-second-order behavior. The equilibrium data were best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.14 mg/g. Under optimal conditions, the nanocomposite achieved a Pb2+ removal efficiency of 51.82%, nearly three times higher than pristine g-C3N4. In addition, the material demonstrated broad-spectrum adsorption capability for other heavy metals (Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Fe3+) and organic pollutants (dyes and antibiotics), highlighting its durability, stability, and potential as a versatile adsorbent for practical wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
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