Gastric bronchogenic cyst pooled case analysis: a case report and systematic review

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology
• Congenital Abnormalities

Background:

• Gastric bronchogenic cysts are rare ectopic cysts with an incidence below 1 in 42,000.
• This study details a case misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor and reviews existing literature.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, pathology, and prognosis of gastric bronchogenic cysts.
• To highlight diagnostic challenges and effective management strategies.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus).
• Two independent reviewers focused on identifying cases of gastric bronchogenic cyst.

Main Results:

• 48 cases of gastric bronchogenic cyst were analyzed from 46 studies.
• Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (45.8%), with 31.3% asymptomatic. Common misdiagnoses included gastrointestinal stromal tumor (37.5%).
• Laparoscopic surgery (50.0%) was the primary treatment, with no reported postoperative recurrence or mortality.

Conclusions:

• Gastric bronchogenic cyst is a rare, diagnostically challenging congenital anomaly.
• It must be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal neoplasms.
• Surgical resection is the definitive approach for diagnosis and treatment.