Cannabis Use Among Individuals Treated with Medication for Opioid Use Disorder: Correlates, Patterns, and Motivations...

Area of Science:

• Addiction Medicine
• Psychiatry
• Psychology

Background:

• Cannabis use is prevalent among patients receiving medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD).
• Factors associated with frequent cannabis use in this population are not well understood.
• Understanding these factors is crucial for integrated care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe correlates, patterns, and motivations for cannabis use among individuals treated with MOUD.
• To identify factors associated with frequent cannabis use (≥3 days/week).
• To explore reasons for cannabis use, including symptom management and recreational purposes.

Main Methods:

• A randomized trial (n=303) compared frequent cannabis users with less frequent/non-users.
• Demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed.
• A subsample of frequent users completed a survey on usage patterns, motivations, and symptom management.

Main Results:

• 27% of participants used cannabis frequently (≥3 days/week).
• Frequent cannabis use was associated with anxiety, nausea, and lower employment.
• Individuals used cannabis for symptom management (stress, anxiety, pain, PTSD) and recreation; 52% desired to reduce use.

Conclusions:

• Frequent cannabis use in MOUD patients is linked to anxiety, nausea, and lower employment.
• No significant differences were observed in MOUD outcomes (substance use, retention).
• Increased attention to screening and treatment for co-occurring conditions like anxiety and pain is warranted.