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Hematologic indices in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: a retrospective case-control study
Rita Teixeira Carvalho1, Francisco Alves de Sousa2, João Carvalho Almeida3
1Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|February 14, 2026
Summary
Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) is linked to higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and platelet counts. These findings suggest a potential inflammatory response in children with OSDB, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Hematology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB), often due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy, presents a diagnostic challenge.
- OSDB can lead to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and potential metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive complications.
- Hematological biomarkers are being explored as potential diagnostic tools due to polysomnography's resource demands.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare hematological parameters in children diagnosed with OSDB against those without the condition.
- To investigate potential inflammatory markers in pediatric OSDB.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pre-operative hematological data from children undergoing otorhinolaryngology surgery.
- Comparison of hematological parameters between a cohort with OSDB (cases) and a control group without OSDB.
- Inclusion of 166 patients (85 with OSDB) between January and May 2024.
Main Results:
- Children with OSDB exhibited significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) ratios (p=0.026) and platelet counts (p=0.025) compared to controls.
- No significant differences were observed in age, sex, or weight between the groups.
- Neutrophil count, total leukocyte count, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
- Pediatric OSDB is associated with elevated N/L ratios and platelet counts, indicating a possible systemic inflammatory process.
- These hematological changes may serve as potential biomarkers for OSDB in children.
- Further research is necessary to elucidate the clinical implications of these hematological findings in pediatric OSDB.
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