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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
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Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...
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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Modeling the Endothelial Glycocalyx Post-Pneumonectomy in a 3D Fluidic Chip - An Approach to Fabricating a Vascular-based Organ-on-Chip System
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Sepsis modelling: current approaches and organ-on-chip perspectives.

Mariana J Silva1, Gustavo W Fehrenbach2, Robert Pogue3

  • 1Bioengineering (Organ-on-Chip) Research Group, Centre for Applied Bioscience Research, Moylish Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, Limerick, Co. Limerick, V94 EC5T, Ireland; PRISM Research Institute, Department of Engineering, Athlone Campus, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, N37 HD68, Ireland; Programa de Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, 71966-700, Brasilia, Brazil.

Ebiomedicine
|February 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review evaluates sepsis research models, highlighting limitations in translating preclinical findings to clinical success. It explores advanced organ-on-chip technology as a promising approach for better sepsis modeling and drug discovery.

Keywords:
Experimental modelsMicrofluidic systemsOrgan-on-chipSepsisTranslational relevance

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by immune dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, and multi-organ failure.
  • Current in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models have advanced understanding but face challenges in complexity, reproducibility, and clinical translation.
  • Limitations in existing models hinder the development of effective sepsis therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate current sepsis research systems based on biological complexity, reproducibility, ethical constraints, and clinical applicability.
  • To discuss the potential of microfluidic technology, specifically organ-on-chip systems, in modeling human sepsis pathophysiology.
  • To identify challenges in sepsis research and propose directions for integrated modeling approaches to improve translational outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of conventional and advanced sepsis models.
  • Comparative analysis of different experimental systems.
  • Exploration of organ-on-chip technology for sepsis research.

Main Results:

  • Conventional sepsis models exhibit limitations in replicating human pathophysiology and ensuring reproducibility.
  • Organ-on-chip technology offers potential for higher biological complexity and physiological relevance in sepsis modeling.
  • A gap exists between preclinical findings and clinical success due to model limitations.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for improved sepsis models that better mimic human disease.
  • Organ-on-chip systems represent a promising avenue for advancing sepsis research and therapeutic discovery.
  • An integrated approach to sepsis modeling is essential for enhancing translational outcomes.