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Protecting infants from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Ireland: Impact of a national nirsevimab immunisation

Laura Paris1, Lisa Domegan2, Maureen O'Leary2

  • 1European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Fellowship Programme, Field Epidemiology path (EPIET), ECDC, Stockholm, Sweden; Health Service Executive- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Ireland.

Vaccine
|February 14, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Ireland

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Ireland introduced a national immunisation program for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the 2024/2025 season.
  • Infants born between September 2024 and February 2025 were eligible for nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody for RSV prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the nirsevimab immunisation program in reducing RSV-related illness among eligible infants in Ireland.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, population-based ecological study analyzed RSV cases and clinical outcomes in the 2024/2025 season.
  • Compared 2024/2025 data with historical RSV seasons (2023/2024 and 2022/2023).
  • Calculated averted cases, disease prevented fractions, and number needed to immunise (NNI) using adapted formulas.

Main Results:

  • 83% of eligible infants received nirsevimab in the 2024/2025 season.
  • RSV cases decreased by 68% compared to the 2023/2024 season and 64% compared to the 2022/2023 season.
  • The program averted 1055 RSV cases, 459 emergency department visits, 437 hospitalizations, and 76 ICU admissions, with a disease prevented fraction of 74.5%.

Conclusions:

  • Nirsevimab immunisation significantly reduced RSV-related morbidity in Irish infants during the 2024/2025 season.
  • The findings support the continued use of nirsevimab and suggest potential expansion to older infant populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Immunisation impactInfant immunisationNirsevimabNumber needed to immunise (NNI)Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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