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Changes in Racial Differences in Palliative Care Awareness and Understanding From 2018 to 2024.

Yujun Zhu¹, Susan Enguidanos¹

¹Leonard Davis School of Gerontology (Y.Z., S.E.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

|February 14, 2026

Summary

Palliative care awareness increased nationwide from 2018-2024, but understanding declined, particularly among minority groups. This highlights a need for better public education on palliative care.

Keywords:

Palliative care awareness race trends understanding

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Area of Science:

Health Services Research
Public Health
Gerontology

Background:

Palliative care has seen significant expansion in the U.S. healthcare system over the last decade.
However, population-level trends in public awareness and understanding of palliative care remain under-researched.
Recent data on these trends, especially across diverse demographic groups, are crucial for informing public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze trends in palliative care awareness and understanding in the U.S. population.
To examine how these trends differ across various racial and ethnic groups between 2018 and 2024.

Main Methods:

Utilized two waves of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data (2018 and 2024).
Included a large sample size (2,793 in 2018, 6,016 in 2024).
Employed multivariable logistic regression and interaction terms to assess sociodemographic associations and temporal trends across racial/ethnic groups.

Main Results:

Palliative care awareness significantly increased from 29% to 51% across all groups between 2018 and 2024.
Non-Hispanic White participants reported the highest awareness levels (33% to 53%).
Conversely, understanding of palliative care decreased overall (72% to 55%), with the most substantial decline among non-Hispanic Black individuals (75% to 48%).

Conclusions:

Findings indicate a rise in public awareness but a concurrent increase in confusion regarding palliative care.
Disparities in understanding trends were observed, with minority groups experiencing steeper declines.
There is an urgent need for enhanced, culturally sensitive public education initiatives to improve palliative care comprehension.