Meaning-Making After Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Sexual Minority Men: A Qualitative Study

Young sexual minority men (YSMM) are at elevated risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) but often underreport IPV experiences and face barriers to help-seeking due to systemic discrimination and internalized stigma. Using Consensual Qualitative Research methodology, we analyzed interviews with 26 YSMM to explore how they make sense of past IPV. Five emergent themes reflected adaptive (increased understanding of IPV, posttraumatic growth, and awareness of desensitization to violence) and maladaptive (minimization of violence and pervasive distrust) meaning-making. Abuse was often recognized only after the relationship ended (often through therapy) and shaped by earlier IPV exposure. Findings underscore the urgent need for culturally responsive IPV services that address the psychological and structural barriers YSMM of color face, including intersecting forms of marginalization that silence help-seeking and delay recovery.