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Related Concept Videos

Allosteric Regulation01:08

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Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...
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Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence...
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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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α-Alkylation of ketones is achieved in the presence of alkyl halides and a base. The reaction proceeds via the formation of an enolate ion followed by nucleophilic substitution. The choice of base employed is essential as it is the key factor in determining the reaction outcome.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
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A stepwise assembly strategy to enhance sensitivity in fluorogenic ALP assays.

Fenghua Geng1, Chunyuan Chen2, Xing Xu1

  • 1Henan Key Laboratory of Biomarker Detection and Diagnosis for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing & Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, PR China.

Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|February 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers enhanced the brightness of existing fluorescent probes using aluminum ions (Al3+). This breakthrough enables highly sensitive detection of pyrophosphate (PPi) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with a novel "turn-on" fluorescence method.

Keywords:
ALPAl(3+)Fluorescent ensemblesPPiStepwise assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Highly fluorescent probes are crucial for sensitive and reliable fluorometry.
  • Enhancing existing fluorescent probes is a meaningful alternative to synthesizing new ones.
  • Alizarin Red S (ARS)/PyB(OH)2 (A/P) complexes show potential for fluorescence applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To significantly enhance the brightness of Alizarin Red S (ARS)/PyB(OH)2 (A/P) complexes.
  • To develop a novel, sensitive fluorescence turn-on method for Al3+ detection.
  • To establish a highly sensitive sensing system for pyrophosphate (PPi) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).

Main Methods:

  • Coordination-induced assembly of ARS/PyB(OH)2 complexes with Al3+.
  • Development of a fluorescence turn-on assay for Al3+ detection.
  • Theoretical calculations (HOMO-LUMO gaps, configuration changes) to rationalize performance.
  • Validation in complex biological matrices like fetal bovine serum.

Main Results:

  • Unexpected and significant enhancement of brightness in A/P complexes upon Al3+ coordination.
  • Development of a highly sensitive fluorescence turn-on method for Al3+ detection.
  • Demonstration of a sensitive sensing system for PPi and ALP with an off-on readout.
  • Successful detection of ALP in fetal bovine serum, validating practicality.

Conclusions:

  • Al3+ coordination significantly enhances the brightness of A/P complexes, enabling sensitive fluorescence detection.
  • A novel Al3+-based, off-on fluorescence assay for ALP was developed, outperforming existing methods.
  • The strategy offers a versatile approach to enhance other fluorescent probes and has broad applicability.