Metabolites from Trichoderma amazonicum AF2115A by monoculture and coculture with Fusarium oxysporum A11F(B)

Dual culture experiments along with microscopic observation demonstrated that Trichoderma amazonicum AF2115A appeared inhibitory effect to Fusarium oxysporum A11F(B), both derived from marine algae. Analyses of metabolites from the monoculture of T. amazonicum AF2115A and its coculture with F. oxysporum A11F(B) resulted in the discovery of five undescribed compounds, including one steroid derivative (1), two terpenoids (2 and 3), and two polyketides (4 and 5), besides eleven known ones (6-16). The structures of the five undescribed isolates were assigned predominantly via 1D/2D NMR and mass spectra. Compared to Trichoderma monoculture, coculture with Fusarium resulted in the increased yield of 1, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, and 16. After expanding culture duration, 3, 4, 7, 11, and 13 were also increased. Compounds 1, 4-6, 9, 10, and 15 could suppress F. oxysporum A11F(B) featuring an ability to infect wheat seedlings, while 1, 7, 9, 12, 14, and 15 inhibited phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium graminearum ACCC 39334, Gaeumannomyces graminis ACCC 38864, and/or Glomerella cingulata Bio-24525.