Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

43.9K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
43.9K
Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

11.3K
There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
11.3K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

4.7K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
4.7K
Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

9.5K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
9.5K
Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

5.9K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
5.9K
Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

3.4K
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Primary repair versus pulmonary artery banding in complete atrioventricular canal defects in the modern surgical era.

The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2025
Same author

Histopathology of resected tissue from repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery: Potential mechanism of coronary artery compression.

JTCVS open·2023
Same author

Predictors of anesthesia ready time: Analysis and benchmark data.

JTCVS open·2023
Same author

The Yasui operation: A single institutional experience over 30 years.

JTCVS open·2023
Same author

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA): Which measurements are accurate and reliable?

Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography·2023
Same author

Hybrid Left Heart Bypass Circuit for Repair of the Descending Aorta in an 8-kg Williams Syndrome Patient.

The journal of extra-corporeal technology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.5K

Case and commentary: Peer-reviewed article.

Luis G Quinonez1

  • 1Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|February 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Surgical improvisation can become a widespread innovation through refinement and standardization. This process involves careful development over years, addressing clinical and ethical questions for reliable, reproducible procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical innovation and development
  • Medical improvisation and adoption

Background:

  • Surgical improvisation arises from specific case needs.
  • Widespread adoption requires innovation, not just improvisation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the ethical and clinical considerations in developing surgical improvisation into innovation.
  • To guide the process of refining improvisations into standardized procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Case study analysis of surgical improvisation.
  • Discussion of ethical and clinical checkpoints.
  • Exploration of the path to standardization.

Main Results:

  • Improvisation requires years of refinement to become innovation.
Keywords:
EthicsInnovation

More Related Videos

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

16.5K
Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
10:38

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

21.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.5K
A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

16.5K
Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
10:38

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

21.0K
  • Reliability, reproducibility, and standardization are key outcomes.
  • Ethical and clinical questions must be addressed throughout development.

    • Conclusions:

    • The transformation of surgical improvisation into innovation is a rigorous, lengthy process.
    • Addressing ethical and clinical factors is crucial for developing reliable surgical procedures.