Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar
Published on: May 1, 2018
Dual-band composite high gain MIMO antenna for 5G NR applications employing shareable small cell radio unit
Asadullah1, Nosherwan Shoaib2, Muhammad U Khan1
1School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
Abstract:
In this paper, a MIMO antenna is presented consisting of 4 composite elements. Each antenna element consists of a U-shaped conducting structure and a perturbed barrel Dielectric Resonator Antenna (PB-DRA) structure. The former is loaded with a bow-tie patch, and it is parasitically excited through the U-shaped microstrip element. The additional bow-tie structure is designed for the gain enhancement in the 5G NR frequency range 1 (FR1) band and frequency range 2 (FR2). The PB-DRA has a dielectric constant of 8, and it is excited in higher-order mode to achieve resonance in FR2. The composite structure offers dual-band resonance with 3.85 GHz resonant frequency in the FR1 band and 26.65 GHz in the FR2 band, giving a large frequency ratio radiation characteristic. The proposed antenna offers impedance bandwidth of 2.02 GHz in the FR1 band, and 5.3 GHz in the FR2 band. Achieving multi-band resonance with a large frequency ratio is essential for exploiting the true benefit of 5G communication, as it enables operation across widely separated bands and supports multi-operator radio access networks (MORAN). The peak gains observed in the FR1 and FR2 bands are 8.23 dB and 13.14 dB, respectively. The proposed antenna is specifically designed to meet the requirements of the Open RAN compliant shareable 5G small cell radio unit specifications, by offering resonance in n77/n78 and n257/n261 bands, and end-fire radiation characteristics, ensuring sufficient coverage in the indoor and dense urban outdoor environment.
Related Concept Videos
The Midpoint Formula
Maximum Power Transfer
By substituting the entire circuit with...
The Antenna Complex
Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
Receiver Operating Characteristic Plot

