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Metabolic-Immune Crosstalk in Pediatric Rheumatology: From Pathogenesis to Precision Therapy

Niloofar Shashaani1, Vadood Javadi1, Khosro Rahmani1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Rheumatology,Mofid Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|February 16, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The immune system and metabolism are linked, especially in developing children. Metabolic issues can drive immune problems, impacting pediatric rheumatic diseases and offering new treatment targets.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Metabolic pathways
  • Pediatric rheumatology

Background:

  • The immune and metabolic systems are intricately linked, affecting health and disease.
  • In children, developing immune and metabolic systems are particularly sensitive to imbalances.
  • Metabolic dysfunction can drive immune dysregulation, not just result from inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between metabolic disturbances and rheumatic diseases in children.
  • To explore how immune disorders affect metabolic homeostasis.
  • To highlight novel metabolism-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in pediatric rheumatology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunometabolism in pediatric rheumatology.
  • Analysis of bidirectional interactions between immune and metabolic systems.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of metabolic influences on rheumatic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic disturbances can mimic or alter rheumatic disease presentation.
  • Immune-mediated disorders can disrupt metabolic balance.
  • Understanding immunometabolism offers new insights into disease pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • The bidirectional relationship between immunity and metabolism is crucial in pediatric rheumatology.
  • Metabolism-based approaches hold promise for diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Further research into immunometabolism can advance pediatric rheumatic disease management.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseasesImmunometabolismInflammationPediatric rheumatologyPediatrics

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