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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

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Published on: May 16, 2025

Sickle Cell Crisis-Induced Painless Bilateral Orbital Bone Infarction: A Case Report.

Luke Farson¹, Marina Shenouda¹, Agni Kakouri²

¹McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Case Reports in Ophthalmology

|February 16, 2026

Summary

Sickle cell disease can cause rare orbital complications like infarctions and hematomas in children. Early recognition of sickle cell orbitopathy is crucial for proper management and preventing long-term effects.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Hematology
Pediatrics

Background:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) commonly presents with vaso-occlusive crises, bone infarction, avascular necrosis, and osteomyelitis.

Keywords:

Case report Infarctions Orbital bone infarction Sickle cell crisis

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Sickle cell orbitopathy is an uncommon SCD manifestation mimicking periorbital cellulitis with subtle radiographic findings.