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Beyond vascular recanalization: precision medicine in cervical artery dissection guided by multiple mechanisms and
Tao Li1, Linna Li1, Kexin Zhao1
1Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Insights
Cervical artery dissection (CAD) impacts stroke prognosis, but its recanalization is poorly understood. This review explores CAD pathology, imaging, and treatments to guide personalized therapies for better vascular restoration outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a major cause of stroke in young adults, with neurological prognosis heavily influenced by vascular recanalization.
- Pathological variability and treatment debates complicate clinical decisions, often leading to unfavorable outcomes.
- Research on CAD recanalization remains limited, highlighting a critical knowledge gap.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of cervical artery dissection (CAD).
- To discuss pathological mechanisms, clinical challenges, and recent advancements in imaging and classification.
- To evaluate therapeutic strategies, recanalization factors, and biological mechanisms for vascular restoration.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on pathological mechanisms, advanced imaging, and clinico-anatomical classifications.
- Critical evaluation of current therapeutic paradigms and factors influencing recanalization.
- Systematic analysis of translational utility in animal models for CAD research.
Main Results:
- The review synthesizes current knowledge on CAD, emphasizing the link between recanalization and neurological prognosis.
- It highlights limitations in understanding pathological heterogeneity and treatment efficacy.
- Recent advancements in imaging and classification systems offer improved diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to establish a theoretical foundation for personalized and precise therapeutic approaches targeting CAD recanalization.
- Understanding the multidimensional factors influencing vascular restoration is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
- This review serves as a reference for future research in cervical artery dissection and recanalization.
Abstract:
Cervical artery dissection (CAD), a critical etiological contributor of stroke in young adults, exerts direct influence on neurological prognosis through its vascular recanalization outcomes. However, pathological heterogeneity and ongoing controversies surrounding treatment strategies hinder the optimization of clinical decision-making; its prognosis is often not favorable. At present, there are a relative paucity of studies on recanalization of CAD. This review provides a concise overview of the pathological mechanisms and clinical challenges associated with CAD, along with recent advancements in advanced imaging modalities and clinico-anatomical classification systems. Furthermore, we critically evaluate current therapeutic paradigms and factors influencing recanalization while elucidating potential biological mechanisms underlying vascular restoration. A systematic analysis of translational utility in animal models is presented. Finally, based on the latest research progress in CAD and vessel recanalization, prospects are outlined aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for developing personalized and precise therapeutic approaches targeting CAD recanalization from multidimensional perspectives, and to offer reference for subsequent research.
