Brown tumor of mandible: A conundrum towards the diagnosis

Brown Tumor is a rare, reactive, giant cell associated, late-stage bone lesion occuring as a result of long term untreated primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). It clinically manifests as a high turnover bone disease, which typically shows increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in response to low serum calcium concentration thereby enhancing calcium reabsorption and osteoclastic bone resorption, hence called osteoclastoma or giant cell reparative granuloma or osteitis fibrosa cystica. Brown tumor associated with HPT can be seen in any part of the human skeleton, However clinically significant lesion involving the craniofacial skeleton is quite rare. Here we report a rare case of Brown tumor associated with HPT in a 28 year old female involving the right side of mandible.