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Antibacterial and Osteoinductive Ti Implants Derived from MOF-Engineered Magnesium Oxide
Jiongliang Li1, Jiaying Wang1, Feng Peng2
1School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
ACS Omega
|February 16, 2026
Summary
A novel MgO coating on titanium implants offers dual antibacterial action and enhances bone growth. This strategy combats implant-associated infections and improves osseointegration for better orthopedic repair.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Engineering
- Infectious Disease Research
Background:
- Titanium (Ti)-based implants are crucial in orthopedics but face challenges with bioinertness and implant-associated infections (IAI).
- Existing strategies often struggle to simultaneously address infection prevention and promote bone healing.
- Developing functional coatings is key to overcoming these limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a MgO functional coating (Ti-MC) on Ti implants using a metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived method.
- To evaluate the dual-mode antibacterial efficacy of Ti-MC against common pathogens.
- To assess the osteogenic potential and in vivo performance of Ti-MC for orthopedic applications.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a structurally uniform MgO coating on Ti via an MOF-derived strategy.
- In vitro assessment of antibacterial activity through microenvironment analysis and bacterial inhibition assays (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli).
- In vitro evaluation of cytocompatibility and osteogenic potential (gene expression, ALP activity, mineralization).
- In vivo studies using an infectious bone defect model to assess antibacterial effects, NETs expression, bone formation, and osseointegration.
Main Results:
- Ti-MC demonstrated a dual-mode antibacterial effect by creating an alkaline microenvironment and activating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
- Effective inhibition of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro was observed.
- Sustained Mg2+ release and the alkaline environment promoted osteogenic outcomes, including enhanced bone-related gene expression and mineralized nodule formation.
- In vivo studies showed reduced bacterial colonization, increased NETs expression, significant new bone formation, and improved osseointegration without systemic toxicity.
Conclusions:
- The Ti-MC coating effectively integrates direct antibacterial mechanisms with immune-mediated antibacterial activity via NETs.
- Ti-MC significantly enhances osteogenic performance, promoting bone healing and osseointegration.
- This MOF-derived MgO coating shows strong potential for clinical applications in preventing IAI and improving orthopedic outcomes.
