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The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...

Flail Chest-II

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Published on: January 5, 2015

Chest wall stabilization following hemi-sternectomy assisted by 3D printed model.

Phillip L Nichols¹, Caleb W Brown¹, Derek C Wenger¹

¹Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.

Case Reports in Plastic Surgery & Hand Surgery

|February 16, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a novel 3D-printed surgical model for precise sternal reconstruction. This technique improves chest wall stability and patient function after sternectomy, enhancing surgical outcomes.

Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Biomedical Engineering
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Deep sternal wound infection post-sternotomy occurs in 1.6% of cases.

Keywords:

3D printing Sternal reconstruction hemi-sternectomy reconstruction sternectomy

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Sternectomy or hemi-sternectomy can lead to significant complications, including instability and functional deficits.

Current chest wall reconstruction methods have limitations.