Global laryngeal cancer statistics in 2022: a population-based study

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Laryngeal cancer presents a persistent global health challenge.
• Understanding current and future trends is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the global burden of laryngeal cancer in 2022.
• To assess correlations with Human Development Index (HDI).
• To project future trends and identify vulnerable populations by 2050.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study utilizing Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2022 data.
• Calculation of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) using the Segi-Doll standard.
• Analysis of HDI correlations and future burden projections to 2050.

Main Results:

• In 2022, 189.2 thousand new cases and 103.4 thousand deaths were recorded globally.
• Males exhibit a higher burden (ASIR 3.5 vs. 0.5; ASMR 1.9 vs. 0.2 per 100,000).
• Medium-HDI countries show highest rates, while lower-HDI nations face higher mortality; Asia and Eastern Europe report most cases/deaths.
• Incidence peaks at 80-84 years, mortality at >=5 years; projections show a 49.5% increase in burden by 2050, especially in Asia and Africa.

Conclusions:

• Laryngeal cancer burden varies significantly by gender, HDI, and region.
• Despite overall declines from 1990-2021, future projections indicate a rising burden, particularly in Asia and Africa.
• Targeted prevention strategies are essential, focusing on vulnerable groups like older males and populations in low-HDI countries, considering local risk factors and healthcare access.