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Psychological Factors in Paediatric Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study
C Borrell Garcia1, P Boo Gordillo1, E Garcia Miralles2
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, Calle Quevedo 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Aim:
This study aimed to identify psychological, demographic, and environmental factors that influence dental anxiety in paediatric patients treated in a university clinic by undergraduate dental students.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 203 children aged 5-18 years attending the dental clinic of the Catholic University San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain. Dental anxiety was assessed using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) for children and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) for parents, along with additional questions regarding separation anxiety, gift reception, and room color preferences. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Pearson correlation analyses, and Kruskal-Wallis tests; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Conclusion:
Paediatric dental anxiety is multifactorial, influenced by age, gender, prior dental experience, parental anxiety, and cultural background. Simple non-pharmacological strategies, including environmental modifications and positive reinforcement, may help reduce anxiety, but their effectiveness may vary according to individual and cultural factors. These findings support early, culturally sensitive, and family-centered approaches in paediatric dentistry, particularly in educational clinical settings.
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