Fatty liver and diabetes are related to benign prostate hyperplasia

Although prior studies have suggested an association between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and metabolic abnormalities, many were limited by small sample sizes. The study aimed to identify metabolic risk factors related to BPH.

Following rigorous screening, 8,566 men aged 40 years or older were enrolled in 2022 in the current research. All participants underwent prostate and liver ultrasonography.

The mean age of the subjects was 54.20 ± 9.37 years, Among them, 3,595 (41.96%) were diagnosed with BPH and 5519 (64.42%) had fatty liver disease (FLD), while 1,254 (14.63%) had diabetes. Multivariate analysis revealed that four variables, namely, age, prostate special antigen (PSA), FLD, and diabetes were related to BPH. Specifically, each 1-year increase in age was associated with an 8% increase in BPH risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.09). Elevated PSA was associated with a 91% increase in BPH risk (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.79-2.04). The presence of FLD was linked to a 21% increased risk (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), and diabetes was correlated with a 22% increased risk (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.40).

Advanced age, elevated PSA levels, and the presence of FLD and/or diabetes are associated with an increased risk of BPH.