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Impact of Mediterranean diet adherence on quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: A prospective study

Imene Hedfi1, Nesrine Baradhi2, Miriam Ayed3

  • 1Department "C" of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|February 16, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Adhering to the Mediterranean diet (MD) improved quality of life (QoL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Nutritional counseling enhanced MD adherence, leading to better QoL and nutritional status in MS management.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory condition significantly impacting patients' quality of life (QoL).
  • The Mediterranean diet (MD) shows potential neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Limited data exist on the impact of MD adherence on QoL in MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) on the quality of life (QoL) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • To assess the impact of a three-month nutritional counseling program focused on the MD.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 50 adult MS patients from the National Institute of Neurology in Tunis.
  • Participants received individualized nutritional counseling based on the MD for three months.
  • MD adherence was measured using the PREDIMED score, and QoL was assessed with the SF-36 questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvement in MD adherence (PREDIMED scores increased) and overall QoL (SF-36 global scores improved).
  • Key QoL improvements were noted in mental health, vitality, role-emotional, and social functioning subscales.
  • Increased intake of specific vitamins (C, D, E, B6, B9, B12) and minerals (magnesium, selenium, iron) correlated with QoL improvements.

Conclusions:

  • Improved adherence to the Mediterranean diet is linked to enhanced QoL and nutritional status in MS patients.
  • Nutritional counseling may be a valuable component of comprehensive MS management.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to establish causality.
Keywords:
Mediterranean dietMultiple sclerosisNutritional counsellingQuality of life

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