Eco-Friendly Centroidal Voronoi-Tessellated Nanowire Networks for Efficient Ingress Protection and Broadband Acoustic...

Environmental water and dust ingress pose serious threats to human-machine interaction (HMI) electronics, necessitating reliable protection from fibrous acoustic vents. However, most existing membranes in acoustic vents face inevitable trade-offs between waterproofness and acoustic transmittance, while relying heavily on toxic solvents and fluoropolymers. Here, inspired by centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT), we use a unique green electro-nanopatterning technique to develop eco-friendly CVT nanowire network (EcoCVT-net) acoustic membranes. Manipulation of a green ternary metastable solution system, and the rapid phase separation induced by non-solvent seeds in the sprayed droplets of the Taylor cone, enable the assembly of 2D CVT-nanostructured networks with deep-subwavelength nanowires (diameter of 15 nm). Such membranes generate a nanoscale pore size of ∼190 nm, superhydrophobicity, and a low airflow resistivity of 7.6 × 10⁶ Pa s m^-2, exhibiting both efficient water resistance (110 kPa) and broadband acoustic transparency with negligible sound transmission loss (<0.35 dB) across 63-20 000 Hz. Demonstrated in voice-based artificial intelligence electronics, our acoustic vents deliver high-fidelity voice transmission and long-term IP68-level protection for over 1000 h. This work provides a sustainable design pathway for fibrous acoustic metamaterials and should prove instrumental for the development of voice-based HMI technologies.