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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke

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Computerized Cognitive Remediation Affects White Matter Microstructure in Relation to Improved Cognitive Function in

Hannah M Lindsey^1,2, Joseph F Rath³, Tamara Bushnik³

¹Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Journal of Neurotrauma

|February 17, 2026

Summary

Computerized cognitive remediation (CCR) improved white matter plasticity and cognitive function in adults with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study used advanced diffusion imaging to detect these subtle, localized changes.

Keywords:

chronic traumatic brain injury cognitive rehabilitation connectometry diffusion magnetic resonance imaging neuroplasticity quantitative anisotropy

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Radiology
Cognitive Rehabilitation

Background:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to lasting cognitive impairments due to damage to brain connectivity.
Traditional diffusion imaging metrics struggle to detect subtle changes from interventions like computerized cognitive remediation (CCR).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of CCR on white matter microstructure in chronic TBI using correlational tractography.
To examine the relationship between white matter microstructural changes and cognitive improvements after CCR.

Main Methods:

Employed correlational tractography, a diffusion MRI connectometry method, to analyze changes in normalized quantitative anisotropy (QA).
Assessed 17 adults with chronic TBI, comparing a CCR group (n=10) with a nonintervention control group (n=7) over 14 weeks.
Utilized tensor-free QA metric to detect localized, fiber-specific white matter changes.

Main Results:

The CCR group showed increased QA compared to the control group, indicating white matter plasticity.
Changes in QA within the CCR group correlated with improvements in processing speed, attention, and working memory.
Correlational tractography identified specific white matter changes missed by traditional tensor-based metrics.

Conclusions:

CCR shows potential for promoting white matter plasticity and improving cognitive function in chronic TBI survivors.
Advanced diffusion MRI techniques like correlational tractography with QA are valuable for detecting intervention-related microstructural changes.
CCR may serve as a scalable intervention to enhance structural and functional plasticity post-TBI.