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MFS-transporter Flr1 is a major drug-efflux transporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ascospores

Arina M Adamovich1,2, Dmitry A Knorre2, Kseniia V Galkina1,2

  • 1Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.

FEMS Yeast Research
|February 17, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Fungal spores use the MFS transporter Flr1p for drug resistance, while growing cells use Pdr5p. This spore-specific transporter protects against toxins during germination.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Fungal spores are resilient due to low metabolic activity, conferring resistance to xenobiotics.
  • Germinating spores become vulnerable to low-molecular-weight toxins.
  • Fungi may presynthesize spore-specific transporters to counteract this vulnerability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of drug-efflux transporters in fungal spore resistance.
  • To compare transporter repertoires between Saccharomyces cerevisiae spores and vegetative cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized yeast strains with GFP-tagged ABC- and MFS-transporters.
  • Compared transporter expression and function in spores versus proliferating cells.
  • Assessed the impact of xenobiotics on microcolony growth after gene deletion.

Main Results:

  • The MFS transporter Flr1p is the primary efflux pump in spores.
  • Pdr5p is the major efflux pump in proliferating vegetative cells.
  • Deletion of FLR1 impaired spore germination in the presence of xenobiotics, but not vegetative cell growth.

Conclusions:

  • Fungi presynthesize spore-specific transporters like Flr1p to protect against toxins during germination.
  • The high ATPase activity of Pdr5p may be detrimental to dormant spores.
  • Spore-specific efflux pumps are crucial for fungal survival during the vulnerable germination stage.
Keywords:
ABC-transportersFlr1MFS-transportersdrug-effluxsporulationyeast

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