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Published on: June 5, 2020
Occupational genotoxicity in nursing professionals: A systematic review
Thiago Guedes Pinto1, Gabriel Carvalhal de Aguiar1, Lorrany da Silva Avanci1
1Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
ObjectiveNursing professionals are frequently exposed to a variety of chemical agents in healthcare settings, including disinfectants, anesthetic gases, cytotoxic drugs and other hazardous substances, raising concerns about potential genotoxic effects. This systematic review investigates the genotoxicity associated with occupational exposure commonly encountered by nursing staff.MethodsA systematic search conducted in August 2025 across PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science identified 16 relevant studies that evaluated DNA damage using biomarkers, such as the micronucleus assay, comet assay, and chromosomal aberration tests in human or mammalian cells.ResultsAll included studies consistently reported genotoxic effects linked to occupational exposure, including increased frequencies of micronuclei, DNA strand breaks, and chromosomal alterations. Quality assessment indicated that 15 (out of 16) studies were of moderate to strong methodological rigor, supporting the reliability of these results.ConclusionThese findings underscore the need for enhanced monitoring and protective measures for nursing professionals at risk of long-term genetic damage. The micronucleus assay emerges as a suitable assay for biomonitoring these professionals.
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