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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames

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Published on: June 1, 2016

Study on modular smoke extraction with solid screen in urban road tunnel fires.

Xiaotao Zhang¹, Kaihua Lu², Yushi Lu²

¹School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Suqian university, Suqian, Jiangsu, China.

|February 17, 2026

Summary

Optimizing urban road tunnel fire safety, this study found smoke screen height is critical for efficient smoke extraction. Modular zones and unbalanced airflow strategies effectively manage fire hazards and reduce carbon monoxide.

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Isolation of Mouse Respiratory Epithelial Cells and Exposure to Experimental Cigarette Smoke at Air Liquid Interface

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Published on: February 21, 2011

Area of Science:

Fire Safety Engineering
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Urban Infrastructure

Background:

Urban road tunnels present unique fire safety challenges due to confined spaces.
Effective smoke management is crucial for occupant safety and minimizing structural damage during tunnel fires.

Purpose of the Study:

To numerically evaluate and optimize a modular smoke extraction system with smoke screens for urban road tunnel fires.
To identify critical design parameters and optimal strategies for tunnel-wide smoke management.

Main Methods:

Numerical simulations were performed to analyze smoke extraction system performance.
Parametric studies were conducted to assess the impact of smoke screen height, vent-screen distance, and modular zoning.
Airflow distribution strategies were investigated for their effectiveness in smoke control.

Main Results:

A smoke screen height of 1.5 m (25% of tunnel height) significantly improves extraction efficiency and reduces high-temperature zones.
Dividing the tunnel into five modular zones offers an optimal balance between hazard control and system cost.
An unbalanced airflow distribution (35% proximate, 15% distal vents) is most effective for preventing plug-holing and maximizing carbon monoxide extraction.

Conclusions:

Smoke screen height and modular zoning are key design parameters for transverse smoke extraction systems.
Specific airflow distribution strategies can enhance the performance of smoke extraction systems in urban road tunnels.
The findings provide actionable insights for optimizing smoke management in tunnel fire scenarios.