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Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
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Sleep Disability Questionnaire in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Study Protocol for Development, Validation, and

Mousumi Saha1, Manu Goyal2

  • 1Scholar, MMIPR, MM(DU), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.

Behavioral Sleep Medicine
|February 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new Sleep Disability Questionnaire (SDQ) was developed and validated for chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. This tool aims to improve the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders in CLBP individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects up to 80% of the population.
  • Significant sleep disruptions are reported by 70% of CLBP patients.
  • Current assessment tools inadequately address the interplay of chronic pain and sleep issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a CLBP-specific Sleep Disability Questionnaire (SDQ).
  • To establish the psychometric properties of the SDQ for use in clinical and research settings.
  • To provide a tool for better diagnosis and management of sleep disorders in CLBP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Phase 1: Domain identification via expert/patient input and literature review; content validity via Delphi technique; construct validity via exploratory factor analysis.
  • Phase 2: Reliability and psychometric assessment in 51 CLBP patients with sleep disorders.
  • Statistical analyses included kappa statistics, I-CVI, S-CVI, normality tests, regression, Cronbach's alpha, correlation, Bland-Altman plots, and ICC.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully developed and validated the SDQ.
  • Psychometric examination confirmed content validity and reliability.
  • The questionnaire demonstrated utility and efficacy in pilot testing.

Conclusions:

  • A novel and robust SDQ for CLBP patients has been developed and validated.
  • The SDQ is expected to aid clinicians and researchers in diagnosing and managing sleep disorders.
  • Implementation of the SDQ has the potential to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.