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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

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Experimentally separating vacuum fluctuations from source radiation.

Alexa Herter1, Frieder Lindel2,3,4, Laura Gabriel5

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Researchers experimentally distinguished vacuum-field and source-radiation effects using laser pulses. This breakthrough verifies the quantum fluctuation-dissipation theorem and enables new quantum optics studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Quantum field theory
  • Ultrafast optics

Background:

  • Distinguishing vacuum-field and source-radiation effects is theoretically challenging.
  • Fermi's two-atom problem offers theoretical insight into atom-electromagnetic field interactions.
  • Experimental approaches were previously considered infeasible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally differentiate vacuum-field and source-radiation effects.
  • To probe quantum correlations induced by vacuum fluctuations and source radiation.
  • To experimentally verify the time-domain fluctuation-dissipation theorem.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultrafast optics to create experimental analogues of Fermi's two-atom problem.
  • Employing two laser pulses in a nonlinear crystal.
  • Using phase-sensitive detection to probe distinct quadratures of near-infrared pulses.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected vacuum- and source-radiation-induced correlations between laser pulses.
  • Demonstrated that vacuum fluctuations and source radiation correlate distinct pulse quadratures.
  • Provided experimental verification of the time-domain fluctuation-dissipation theorem at the quantum level.

Conclusions:

  • The study experimentally separates vacuum and source radiation effects.
  • Opens new avenues for studying quantum radiation in time-dependent media.
  • Enables entanglement harvesting and quantum field detection in analogue curved spacetimes.