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Using scene proximity judgments to study food-specific recognition ability.

Conor J R Smithson1, Yiming Lin2, Isabel Gauthier2

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. conor.smithson@vanderbilt.edu.

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|February 17, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual food recognition relies on specialized abilities, not just general visual skills like shape, color, or texture recognition. This food-specific ability is linked to reduced food neophobia, impacting eating behaviors.

Keywords:
Food neophobiaIndividual differencesObject recognitionScene recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Food recognition involves both general and specific visual mechanisms.
  • Food neophobia (avoiding novel foods) negatively correlates with food recognition ability.
  • Previous studies suggested this link is specific to food recognition, even after controlling for object shape recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if general abilities in color and texture recognition influence the relationship between food recognition and food neophobia.
  • To determine if visual food recognition is a domain-specific ability.
  • To examine the persistence of the negative correlation between food recognition and food neophobia when general visual abilities are controlled.

Main Methods:

  • Developed outdoor scene-recognition tests to assess general color and texture processing.
  • Recruited 204 participants for visual recognition tasks.
  • Controlled for domain-general object shape recognition (o) and scene-recognition ability in statistical analyses.

Main Results:

  • Food recognition ability remained correlated after controlling for object shape recognition (o).
  • These correlations persisted even when scene-recognition ability (color and texture) was controlled.
  • The negative relationship between food recognition and food neophobia remained significant after controlling for both o and scene recognition.

Conclusions:

  • Visual food recognition is a domain-specific ability, extending beyond general visual processing of shape, color, and texture.
  • The link between food recognition and reduced food neophobia is rooted in food-specific perceptual expertise.
  • Findings suggest potential interventions for restricted eating patterns by targeting perceptual expertise and affective responses to food.