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Wounding Patterns in Fatal and Nonfatal Pediatric Firearm Injuries.

Mary Matecki1, Matthew Walker1, John Corbett1

  • 1Department of Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Trauma and Critical Care, Washington, DC.

Pediatric Emergency Care
|February 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric firearm deaths are primarily caused by severe brain injuries. Preventing gunshot wounds (GSWs) is the most effective strategy to reduce child mortality from these injuries.

Keywords:
firearm injuryinjury preventiontrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Forensic Pathology

Background:

  • Gunshot wounds (GSWs) represent a significant cause of mortality in children.
  • Understanding pediatric firearm injury patterns is crucial for identifying potential for survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define pediatric firearm wound patterns and fatal organ injuries.
  • To identify factors influencing the salvageability of pediatric GSWs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of GSW patients aged 14 and younger (2011-2021) from a pediatric trauma center and medical examiner data.
  • Comparison of wound locations and fatal organ injuries between survivors and nonsurvivors.
  • Correlation of injury patterns with adult GSW data.

Main Results:

  • 165 patients analyzed; 90% were survivors.
  • Nonsurvivors had significantly more head wounds (71% vs. 9%) and brain injuries (71% vs. 3%).
  • Survivors predominantly sustained extremity wounds (68% vs. 12%), with no deaths from peripheral vascular injury.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric firearm fatalities are predominantly linked to nonsurvivable brain injuries.
  • Injury prevention is the most critical approach to reducing child mortality from GSWs.
  • Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations and settings.