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Wavelength-Multiplexed PUFs Through Single-Host Multicolor Switching in Cs2NaTbCl6: Eu3+ Double Perovskites
Yuhan Jing1,2, Fuhang Jiao3, Zewen Wang1,4
1Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, P. R. China.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|February 18, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel double perovskite material for advanced hardware security. It enables multicolor switching for wavelength-division multiplexing PUFs, enhancing security and anti-counterfeiting applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Quantum Optics
Background:
- Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) leverage intrinsic physical randomness for hardware security.
- Achieving spectrally isolated multi-channel emission in a single matrix is a significant challenge for high-capacity PUFs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate a single-matrix platform for excitation-programmable multicolor switching using a Cs2NaTbCl6:Eu3+ double perovskite.
- To develop a wavelength-division multiplexing PUF (WDM-PUF) with enhanced security features.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Cs2NaTbCl6:Eu3+ double perovskite for orthogonal optical activation of Tb3+ and Eu3+ centers.
- Investigated excitation-programmable emission (green, red, yellow) under different UV wavelengths (275 nm, 310 nm, co-stimulation).
- Developed a WDM-PUF employing RGY/octal spectral-channel encoding.
Main Results:
- Achieved dominant green, selective red, and distinct yellow emissions from the single perovskite matrix.
- Demonstrated weak interionic interactions and suppressed concentration quenching due to ion spacing and low phonon energy.
- The WDM-PUF exhibited simplified information carriers, high encoding dimensions, and a near-zero false negative rate.
Conclusions:
- Established a new paradigm in optical encryption with wavelength-multiplexed capacity in a single emissive platform.
- The developed material and WDM-PUF offer potential for ultra-secure anti-counterfeiting, color image encryption, and smartphone-compatible authentication.
