Advances in marine bioactive compounds for cell-cultured fish: from cellular regulation to application strategies

The increasing global demand for sustainable and high-value aquatic proteins has promoted the emergence of cell-cultured fish. Marine bioactive compounds, with their excellent biocompatibility, favorable bioactivities, and cellular regulation, could be compelling candidates for promoting the development of cell-cultured fish. This review discusses the regulatory effects of marine bioactives on cell growth and behavior, while looking at their potential in cell-cultured fish. Marine macromolecules can be used to develop biocompatible scaffolds for providing a suitable growth environment for cells. While small-molecules can serve as exogenous modulators of cellular behavior, including proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, their functional properties and bioactivities can also enhance the quality and nutritional value of cell-cultured fish. The future application of marine bioactives in the development of cost-effective growth scaffolds and the optimization of low-cost media compositions should be further promoted in order to improve the scalability and commercial viability of cell-cultured fish production.