Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

5.0K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
5.0K
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

3.8K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
3.8K
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

623
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
623
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

8.2K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
8.2K
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

3.6K
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chemical Syntheses and Chemical Biology of Carboxyl Polyether Ionophores: Recent Highlights.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2019
Same author

Cholesterol content in cell membrane maintains surface levels of ErbB2 and confers a therapeutic vulnerability in ErbB2-positive breast cancer.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS·2019
Same author

Exercise interventions on patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review.

Clinical rehabilitation·2019
Same author

Long-term creep deformations in colloidal calcium-silicate-hydrate gels by accelerated aging simulations.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2019
Same author

Microconcave MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> Single Crystal for High-Performance Photodetector.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2019
Same author

A Comparative Texture Analysis Based on NECT and CECT Images to Differentiate Lung Adenocarcinoma from Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Journal of medical systems·2019
Same journal

A senescent metabolism-modulating hierarchical scaffold restores NAD<sup>+</sup> homeostasis and redox balance for aged bone repair.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same journal

Intelligent responsive alloy scaffold temporally regulates the immune-osteogenic axis for the treatment of infectious bone defects.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same journal

Polymer-Zn(II) sunscreens for protection against harmful blue ray.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same journal

M1 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-155-5p exacerbates aortic dissection via SMAD5-Mediated regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same journal

Immunity-and-matrix-regulatory cells promote hyaline-like cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.

Bioactive materials·2026
Same journal

Injectable chondroitin sulfate-glycosylated decellularized extracellular matrix microgels activate Wnt/β-Catenin signaling to promote functional muscle regeneration in VML.

Bioactive materials·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
09:36

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

4.5K

Artificial intelligence virtual extracellular vesicles (AIVEVs).

Han Liu1,2,3, Shiyu Li4, Jian Wang5,6

  • 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.

Bioactive Materials
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence virtual cells (AIVCs) and AI virtual extracellular vesicles (AIVEVs) offer powerful digital models for simulating cell and vesicle behavior. This approach accelerates the development of extracellular vesicle-based diagnostics and therapeutics for improved intercellular communication research.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceDigital modelExtracellular vesiclesVirtual cellsVirtual extracellular vesicles

More Related Videos

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment
10:09

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment

Published on: June 2, 2020

7.3K
Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids
05:07

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Published on: February 28, 2025

915

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
09:36

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

4.5K
Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment
10:09

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment

Published on: June 2, 2020

7.3K
Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids
05:07

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Published on: February 28, 2025

915

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Computational Biology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled the creation of AI virtual cells (AIVCs), digital replicas of biological cells for simulation and prediction.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for intercellular communication, necessitating advanced modeling techniques for their study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the concept of AI virtual EVs (AIVEVs) by integrating AIVCs with EV biology.
  • To outline methods for constructing AIVEVs using knowledge-driven and data-driven approaches.
  • To explore the potential of AIVEVs in advancing EV research, diagnostics, and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of AIVC and AIVEV construction methodologies.
  • Integration of multi-omics data for simulating EV biogenesis, cargo sorting, and intercellular communication.
  • Development of a closed-loop workflow for in silico prediction and experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • AIVEVs can predict EV composition and analyze cell communication patterns.
  • AIVCs can generate diagnostic atlases of pathological virtual cells and trace vesicle origins.
  • The proposed framework facilitates a seamless transition from computational modeling to experimental validation.

Conclusions:

  • AIVEVs represent a significant advancement in modeling intercellular communication.
  • This technology promises to accelerate the development of EV-based diagnostics and treatments.
  • AIVEVs are poised to revolutionize the field of intercellular communication research and clinical applications.