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Implementing a Rapid Response Pathway for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer in a Universal Healthcare System.

Sana Ghaznavi1,2,3, Kiana Mahboubi3,4, Debbie Lamb2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Implementing an Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Rapid Response Team (ARRT) pathway significantly cut diagnostic and treatment times for patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). This rapid response model improves care coordination for aggressive cancers.

Keywords:
anaplastic thyroid cancercare pathwaymultidisciplinary carerapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE)rapid response teamthyroid carcinomauniversal health care

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis.
  • Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving outcomes in ATC patients.
  • Existing healthcare systems may face challenges in coordinating rapid multidisciplinary care for rare cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement and evaluate a multidisciplinary Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Rapid Response Team (ARRT) pathway.
  • To assess the impact of the ARRT pathway on diagnostic and treatment timelines for ATC patients within a universal healthcare system.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental study comparing pre-pathway and post-pathway periods at a Canadian tertiary care cancer center.
  • Inclusion of 26 adult patients with confirmed ATC (11 pre-pathway, 15 post-pathway).
  • The ARRT pathway involved early identification, rapid biopsy with cytology, expedited staging and molecular analysis, same-day consultations, and early palliative care.

Main Results:

  • The ARRT pathway significantly reduced median time from suspicion to staging (21 to 6 days), to multidisciplinary assessment (28 to 8 days), and to treatment initiation (29 to 18 days).
  • Post-pathway patients showed improved rates of rapid molecular testing (100% vs. 54%) and R0/R1 resection (100% vs. 17%).

Conclusions:

  • The ARRT pathway effectively reduced diagnostic and treatment delays for ATC patients in a universal healthcare setting.
  • This rapid response model is feasible and effective for improving care coordination in rare, aggressive malignancies.
  • The study offers a replicable framework for implementing similar pathways in global healthcare systems.