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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

388
When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
388
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

490
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
490
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

492
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
492

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Conflicts of Interest in Plastic Surgery Journals: A Python-Assisted Evaluation of Self-Reported Disclosures.

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The Importance of Plastic Surgery in Multidisciplinary Teams: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

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Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Innovative Adipose Tissue Fractionation for Transforming Fat into Specialized Components
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Department or Division: Does it Matter for Plastic Surgery Programs?

Michael R Ruta1, W Nicholas Jungbauer2, Alexander Plonkowski3

  • 1University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plastic surgery divisions may face challenges when not independent departments. Losing patients to other specialties significantly increases criticism of institutional hierarchies.

Keywords:
Departmentdivisiondivision of surgeryindependent departmentplastic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Administration
  • Surgical Specialties

Background:

  • The field of plastic surgery is expanding.
  • There is a growing movement to establish independent plastic surgery departments.
  • This raises questions about identity, resources, and administrative structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the implications of institutional hierarchies for plastic surgery programs.
  • To gather insights from plastic surgery program chairs regarding departmental status.

Main Methods:

  • An anonymous online survey was distributed to chairs of accredited plastic surgery programs.
  • 35 out of 103 (34.0%) program chairs responded.
  • Data on program classification (division vs. department) and perceived impacts were collected.

Main Results:

  • Most programs (84.8%) are divisions of surgery, with only 15.2% as independent departments.
  • Over a third of respondents (32.1%) reported losing patients to other specialties due to their division status.
  • A majority (54.5%) believed non-independent status negatively impacts plastic surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Institutional hierarchies within plastic surgery programs have varied impacts.
  • Patient loss and negative perceptions are strongly linked to views on departmental status.
  • Chairs from independent departments may hold more critical views due to perceived advantages.