Two-dimensional beam scanning programmable bit array antenna with wide frequency tuning range and polarization...

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Electromagnetics
• Antenna Theory

Background:

• Modern communication systems require antennas with adaptable characteristics.
• Existing antennas often lack the flexibility to reconfigure multiple parameters simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and experimentally verify a novel programmable bit array antenna.
• To achieve reconfigurable operating frequency, polarization state, and radiating direction.

Main Methods:

• An annular ring-structured radiator with varactor diodes for continuous frequency adjustment.
• An asymmetrically reconfigurable printed Wilkinson power divider with a Schiffman phase shifter for polarization control.
• Programmable radiating elements for two-dimensional beam scanning.

Main Results:

• Experimental validation of the antenna design over a 1.4–2.3 GHz continuous tuning range (48.6% bandwidth).
• Demonstration of reconfigurable frequency, dual circular polarizations, and two-dimensional scanning capabilities.
• Good agreement between simulation and experimental results, confirming design reliability.

Conclusions:

• The proposed programmable bit array antenna offers significant flexibility and versatility.
• This reconfigurable antenna technology is well-suited for advanced communication systems.
• The design validates the integration of multiple reconfigurable parameters in a single antenna array.