Growth, spectral, and efficient multiple wavelength laser operation of Nd:LuScO₃ crystal

A high-quality Nd:LuScO₃ crystal was grown using the optical floating zone (OFZ) method. The fundamental spectroscopic properties, including the absorption and emission cross sections, fluorescence lifetimes, and Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters, were systematically analyzed. Under the laser diode pumping, five distinct laser emissions were achieved. For the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition channel, a maximum output power of 1.37 W with a slope efficiency of 24.9% was obtained, alongside simultaneous emissions at 1079 nm and 1086 nm. Additionally, output powers of 1.28 W and 0.40 W were achieved at 1116 nm and 1144 nm, respectively. Notably, emission at 1144 nm represents, to the best of our knowledge, the longest wavelength reported for the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_11/2 transition in Nd³⁺-doped materials. For the ⁴F_3/2→⁴I_13/2 channel, continuous-wave output at 1465.6 nm reached 395 mW with 10.1% slope efficiency. These results demonstrate the significant potential of Nd:LuScO₃ for multi-wavelength laser applications.