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Multifrequency neuromagnetic activity and cognitive function in SeLECTS: network-based spectral alterations and
Xinyi Zhou1, Jing Lu1, Minghao Li1
1Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210024, China.
Objective:
This study investigates multifrequency resting-state neuromagnetic activity in children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) and their exploratory associations with cognition and regional gene expression, aiming to elucidate potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive vulnerability.
Methods:
This study included 59 drug-naïve children with SeLECTS and 30 age-matched healthy controls (HC). All participants underwent magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings across six frequency bands. Minimum norm estimation (MNE) combined with Welch's method was employed for spectral power calculation. Cognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV). Specific PSD and scale scores were analyzed by Spearman's analysis. Key biological processes and hub genes were identified through spatial transcriptomic mapping with the BrainSpan Atlas, combined with Gene Ontology (GO) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses.
Results:
Compared with HC, children with SeLECTS showed enhanced theta and delta activity in specific cortical regions and networks, particularly in the frontoparietal control network (FPCN) and default mode network (DMN). In terms of cognitive performance, the SeLECTS group scored lower than the HC group across all subtests except for processing speed. Notably, FPCN theta PSD was positively correlated with full-scale IQ (FSIQ) in the SeLECTS group. Spatial transcriptomic analysis further demonstrated that these functionally aberrant brain regions were genetically defined by a highly interconnected molecular module.
Conclusion:
Spectral power analysis in SeLECTS reveals frequency- and network- specific alterations, which are associated with cognitive performance. Furthermore, the brain regions exhibiting this neurophysiological signature were genetically enriched for a cohesive module involved in mRNA splicing and metabolism.
