Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 20, 2026

A Murine Model of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy
Published on: December 18, 2017
Impact of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Changes in Glycemia, Insulin Sensitivity, and
Tyler J Dobbs1, Laura Pyle2, Jaime M Moore1
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Objective:
This study evaluated impacts of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) on glycemic and cardiometabolic outcomes in youth-onset type 2 diabetes (YO-T2D).
Methods:
Pre- and postoperative (3 and 12 months) anthropometrics, mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) and body composition assessments, and hyperglycemic clamps (preoperative and 12 months postoperatively) were performed.
Results:
Weight (-24.6 ± 5.2 kg at 3 months; -31.0 ± 5.2 kg at 12 months) and BMI (-8.5 ± 2.0 kg/m2; -10.8 kg/m2) fell by 18% and 23%, respectively (all p < 0.01). Body fat decreased 6.4% (p = 0.01) at 12 months, and fat mass by 16.8 ± 4.7 kg (p = 0.01). MMTT-stimulated GLP-1, PYY, insulin, and C-peptide secretion increased and insulin clearance, glucose, HbA1c (6.6% ± 0.2% to 5.7% ± 0.2%, p = 0.003), free fatty acids (FFA), LDL, triglycerides, adipose-focused Adipo-IR, liver transaminases and hepatic-predominant insulin sensitivity (Si) (HOMA-IR) decreased at 3 months post VSG. With maximal 12-month weight loss, MMTT-stimulated insulin, C-peptide, and GLP-1 responses attenuated, insulin clearance increased, muscle-predominant Si (hyperglycemic clamp M/I, Matsuda index, static/dynamic oral minimal modeling), β-cell function, resting heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and HDL improved, and all 3-month improvements persisted, with 86% of participants off diabetes medications.
Conclusions:
VSG in YO-T2D produces rapid and sustained improvements in weight, body composition, cardiometabolic health, Si, FFA, β-cell function, and glycemia, with most no longer needing diabetes medications.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03620773.
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

