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Rice2035: A decadal vision for rice research and breeding.

Hong Yu1, Yongxin Xu2, Zhoulin Gu3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global rice production faces challenges, with yield growth stagnating. Future rice breeding aims to increase yield and quality while decreasing fertilizer, pesticide use, and disaster losses to ensure food security.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Rice is vital for global food security, feeding over half the world's population.
  • Despite past successes, rice yield growth has slowed, threatening future food demands.
  • Challenges include population growth, climate change, biotic stresses, and resource limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and progress of rice research and breeding.
  • To identify persistent challenges in rice cultivation and genetic diversity.
  • To outline future breeding objectives and technological approaches for sustainable rice production.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of rice breeding milestones (Green Revolution, hybrid rice, molecular breeding).
  • Analysis of challenges: genetic diversity, yield-resistance trade-offs, nutrient use.
  • Prospecting of cutting-edge technologies and methodologies for future breeding.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in rice production over 60 years, but yield growth has plateaued at ~0.5% annually.
  • Persistent issues include limited genetic diversity, trade-offs between yield and resistance, and inefficient nutrient utilization.
  • The "Two Increases and Two Decreases" strategy is proposed for the next decade.

Conclusions:

  • Future rice breeding must focus on expanding genetic diversity and improving breeding efficiency.
  • Deciphering the molecular basis of key traits is crucial for trait improvement.
  • Achieving "Rice 2035" goals is essential for ensuring global food security through enhanced rice varieties.