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Updated: Feb 20, 2026
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Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
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Inhalation: A Smart Strategy and Increasing Potential for Drug Delivery
Shao-Cheng Wang1,2, Tsu-Hsiang Kuo3, Chung-I Rai4
1Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
Drug Design, Development and Therapy
|February 19, 2026
Summary
Inhaled drug delivery offers rapid, localized treatment with fewer side effects than other methods. Advances in inhaler technology and new applications like vaccines are expanding its use in precision medicine.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Biomedical Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Inhaled drug delivery provides advantages over oral, intravenous, or transdermal routes, including rapid onset and reduced systemic side effects.
- Traditionally used for respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD, inhalation therapy is now expanding into systemic treatments, vaccines, and biologics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advancements and evolving landscape of inhaled drug delivery.
- To highlight innovative devices, emerging trends, and future directions in inhalation therapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on inhalation drug delivery technologies and applications.
- Analysis of emerging trends, including smart inhalers, nanoparticles, and gene/RNA therapies.
Main Results:
- Technological innovations in devices (dry powder, soft mist, smart inhalers) enhance precision dosing and adherence monitoring.
- Emerging applications include systemic therapies, vaccines, and biologics, expanding the scope beyond pulmonary diseases.
- Challenges persist in formulation stability, device compatibility, and environmental impact.
Conclusions:
- Inhalation therapy is a key component of precision and patient-centric medicine, offering new treatment and prevention avenues.
- Future research should focus on green technologies, telehealth integration, and personalized inhaler selection for broader therapeutic applications.
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