Prevalence and Risk Factors of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Healthcare Workers: An Observational Study

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Public Health
• Ergonomics

Background:

• Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a significant global occupational health issue for healthcare professionals.
• Indian healthcare settings present high ergonomic risks due to demanding conditions, patient load, and resource constraints.
• Doctors and nurses are particularly vulnerable to WMSDs in tertiary care environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence of WMSDs among healthcare workers (HCWs) in South India.
• To identify key risk factors associated with WMSDs in this population.
• To inform targeted interventions for improving occupational health.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 290 doctors and nurses was conducted.
• Stratified random sampling ensured representative participant selection.
• Data collection utilized the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and work profile assessment, analyzed with statistical methods including logistic regression.

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of WMSDs (82.1%) was observed, with the lower back, neck, and shoulders most affected.
• Nurses exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of WMSDs compared to doctors (88.4% vs. 73.9%).
• Prolonged standing, repetitive tasks, poor ergonomics, extensive work experience (>10 years), and lack of ergonomic training were identified as significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

• WMSDs pose a substantial occupational health burden on Indian healthcare workers, especially nurses.
• Urgent implementation of workplace ergonomic interventions and comprehensive training programs is necessary.
• Policy-level initiatives are required to protect the health and well-being of frontline medical staff.