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Theory of mind on demand: do we prepare or react?

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Humans may use a demand-driven, reactive Theory of Mind (ToM) to efficiently infer others' mental states. This cognitive strategy, shaped by heuristics, aids complex social reasoning under bounded rationality.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Theory of Mind (ToM) is crucial for social interaction.
  • Efficiently modelling others' mental states is complex.
  • Bounded rationality and cognitive costs impact ToM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Propose a hypothesis of demand-driven and reactive ToM.
  • Explore heuristics enabling efficient human mental state inference.
  • Investigate cognitive strategies for complex social reasoning.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative data analysis.
  • Exploration of human ToM patterns.
  • Conceptualizing ToM under bounded rationality.

Main Results:

  • Identified themes pointing to specific heuristics.
  • Evidence for tractable ToM mechanisms.
  • Patterns enabling quick mental state inference.

Conclusions:

  • Hypothesis of reactive ToM mechanisms in human cognition.
  • Need for quantitative validation of reactive ToM.
  • Implications for computational modelling of social cognition.