Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

50.8K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
50.8K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.3K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.3K
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

43.7K
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
43.7K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

26.9K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
26.9K
Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

17.4K
When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
17.4K
Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

1.6K
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Generative Models for Crystalline Materials.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Microscopic Mechanisms of Superionic Na-ion Conductivity in Crystalline and Amorphous NaMOCl<sub>4</sub> (M = Nb, Ta) Solid Electrolytes.

ACS energy letters·2026
Same author

Dara: Automated Multiple-Hypothesis Phase Identification and Refinement from Powder X‑ray Diffraction.

Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Author Correction: An autonomous laboratory for the accelerated synthesis of inorganic materials.

Nature·2026
Same author

Text-mined dataset of solid-state syntheses with impurity phases using Large Language Model.

Scientific data·2025
Same author

Crystal structure prediction with host-guided inpainting generation and foundation potentials.

Materials horizons·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.4K

Li+/H+ Exchange in Solid-State Oxide Li-Ion Conductors.

Zhuohan Li1, Benjamin X Lam2, Shilong Wang2

  • 1Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

ACS Energy Letters
|February 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Oxide Li-ion conductors for solid-state batteries can degrade via proton exchange. Garnets are susceptible, while NASICONs show better stability, highlighting a conductivity-stability trade-off in material design.

More Related Videos

Focused Ion Beam Fabrication of LiPON-based Solid-state Lithium-ion Nanobatteries for In Situ Testing
10:58

Focused Ion Beam Fabrication of LiPON-based Solid-state Lithium-ion Nanobatteries for In Situ Testing

Published on: March 7, 2018

10.7K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

26.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.4K
Focused Ion Beam Fabrication of LiPON-based Solid-state Lithium-ion Nanobatteries for In Situ Testing
10:58

Focused Ion Beam Fabrication of LiPON-based Solid-state Lithium-ion Nanobatteries for In Situ Testing

Published on: March 7, 2018

10.7K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

26.1K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Oxide lithium-ion conductors are crucial for solid-state batteries.
  • While generally water-resistant, they can undergo detrimental lithium/proton exchange (LHX).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermodynamic driving force of LHX in garnets and NASICONs.
  • To understand the factors influencing moisture stability in oxide Li-ion conductors.

Main Methods:

  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
  • Machine-learning interatomic potential modeling.
  • Thermodynamic analysis of LHX reaction.

Main Results:

  • Li-stuffed garnets show a high driving force for LHX due to elevated Li chemical potential.
  • NASICONs exhibit greater resistance to LHX, attributed to lower Li chemical potential and O-H bond characteristics.
  • A trade-off exists between enhanced conductivity via Li stuffing and increased moisture susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Material design must balance high ionic conductivity with environmental stability.
  • Understanding LHX is critical for developing durable solid-state battery electrolytes.
  • NASICON structures offer a promising direction for moisture-stable oxide Li-ion conductors.